A lack of security technology threatens innovation and impedes retail investment.

The private markets are seeing an influx of interest from retail investors, but a lack of security technology and practices are threatening innovation, which could hinder private market transformation forbodes Alin Bui, CSO & co-founder of Anduin.
While private funds are thrilled by growing interest in alternative investments from retail investors, they are not quite ready to welcome these new entrants. Why? Because cybersecurity is lacking in the private market sector, and in financial services, that poses a serious business risk.
Case in point: financial services firms are 300 times more likely than other industries to be targeted for cyberattacks, according to Boston Consulting Group research. Despite this, thousands of private funds continue to handle their security via paper and manual methods, creating weak points that bad actors can exploit.
Cyberattacks come in various shapes and forms. For example, attackers commonly employ social engineering tactics, which play a role in over 80% of cyberattacks. The more human touchpoints in workflows, the more exposed the organization is. Private equity firms are prime targets for social engineering ploys because they rely heavily on staff to perform paperwork and frequent document handoffs. This vulnerability becomes even more pronounced at larger firms with a bigger headcount. 
Beyond the human element, private market firms also often depend on manual verifications or even automated workflows on legacy software to skate by but are putting themselves at risk. The industry is hit with thousands of attacks daily, and outdated software simply does not meet current security standards. 
See More: Nine Tips for Scalable Data Masking for Growing Companies
Security failures can have dire consequences for private market firms, including: 
Hackers may approach delicately from different directions, but they nearly always target specific assets and activities:
Security strategies fall into two buckets: prevention and detection. Prevention attempts to limit the number of breaches and overall risk, while detection allows you to mitigate the severity of successful attacks. Reputation is everything in the private markets, so prevention and fast mitigation of any breach are paramount. Here are a few things to start thinking about as you strengthen your security posture. 
In the coming decade, private market investments will become a staple in many more personal portfolios. An industry-wide security framework would help bridge protocols and reduce vulnerable points in transfers between investment firms and regulators. Security standardization will let automated solutions pipe data across preset corridors with less risk of interception or corruption. 
Automation platforms will also help by replacing the gamut of outdated processes, from subscription documents to capital calls and wire transfer identity verification. 
By nature, private funds are focused on the future – and the future includes retail investors. Proving they are secure will only attract more investors. The funds that rise to the cybersecurity challenge now, will also be able to scale and onboard new investor classes to become even bigger, more automated, highly competitive, and better protected. 
How are you ensuring that your security technology is up to date and ready to scale? Share with us on Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.
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Co-founder and Chief Strategy Officer , Anduin
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The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report, as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022.
ARC Document Solutions Inc. is a digital printing company. We provide digital printing and document-related services to customers in a growing variety of industries. Our primary services and product offering are:
Each of these services frequently include additional logistics services in the form of distributing and delivering finished documents, installing display graphics, or the digital storage of graphic files.
We have categorized our service and product offerings to report distinct sales recognized from:
Equipment and Supplies Sales: We sell equipment and supplies to a small segment of our customer base. We also provide ancillary services such as equipment service and maintenance, often as a way to generate recurring revenue in addition to a one-time sale. In addition, we offer certified used equipment available for sale or for use in our MPS offering.
The methods for financial reporting and revenue recognition in our renamed service lines remain unchanged. Likewise, “Managed Print Services” or “MPS” and “Equipment Sales and Supplies” are also reported identically from previous years.
COVID-19 Pandemic
1.Column does not foot due to rounding. 2.See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” following “Results of Operations” for definitions, reconciliations and more information related to our Non-GAAP disclosures.
Months Ended September 30,
(1)Column does not foot due to rounding. (2)See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” following “Results of Operations” for definitions, reconciliations and more information related to our Non-GAAP disclosures.
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Compared to Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
The number of MPS locations has remained relatively flat year-over-year at approximately 10,800 as of September 30, 2022 and 2021.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Amortization of Intangibles
Interest Expense, Net
Income Taxes
We have a $2.4 million valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets as of September 30, 2022.
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest represents 35% of the income/loss of UDS and its subsidiaries, which together comprise our Chinese joint venture operations.
Net Income Attributable to ARC
EBITDA
Impact of Inflation
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
EBITDA represents net income before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA margin is a non-GAAP measure calculated by dividing EBITDA by net sales.
•They do not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements for capital expenditures and contractual commitments;
•They do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
•They do not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary, to service interest or principal payments on our debt;
•Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements; and
•Other companies, including companies in our industry, may calculate these measures differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.
The following is a reconciliation of net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. to EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA:
The following is a reconciliation of net income margin attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. to EBITDA margin and adjusted EBITDA margin:
The following is a reconciliation of net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc. to adjusted net income and adjusted earnings per share attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc.:
Net income attributable to ARC Document Solutions, Inc.
Deferred tax valuation allowance and other discrete tax items
Actual:
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of cash have been cash flows from operations and borrowings under our debt and lease agreements. Our recent historical uses of cash have been for ongoing operations, payment of principal and interest on outstanding debt obligations, capital expenditures and stock repurchases.
35% or $3.9 million went to our JV partner, thus resulting in a $3.9 million decrease in our consolidated cash and noncontrolling interest balance sheet account.
Cash flows from operations are primarily driven by sales and net profit generated from these sales, excluding non-cash charges.
We use DSO to measure and compare the cash management performance of our operating divisions.
Investing Activities
Financing Activities
Debt Obligations
Credit Agreement
administrative agent.
Finance Leases
As of September 30, 2022, we had $26.3 million of finance lease obligations outstanding, with a weighted average interest rate of 4.8% and maturities between 2022 and 2028. Refer to Note 7, Leasing, as previously disclosed on our Annual Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended for December 31, 2021, for the schedule on maturities of finance lease liabilities, as there have been no material changes to report as of September 30, 2022.
Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgements and Estimates
Based upon a separate sensitivity analysis, a 50-basis point increase to the weighted average cost of capital would result in no further impairment of goodwill.
Income Taxes
We calculate our current and deferred tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed in subsequent years. Adjustments based on filed returns are recorded when identified.
Income taxes have not been provided on certain undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries because such earnings are considered to be permanently reinvested.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
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Sometimes managing a digital library gives you peace of mind as you do not need to make many efforts to maintain it. Usually, easy to organize, and can be backed up as well.
When it comes to managing the library, the library management software can make a world of difference. It can break or make your digital library management experience.
And, with open-source library management software, an organization/library can save investment costs, have better privacy, and have more flexibility without any vendor lock-ins.
So, I came up with the compilation of open-source library management software to provide you with some good options to help manage your digital library. You can use some tools for personal use-case, but many of them are geared toward public libraries.
Key Features of Koha:
Koha is a well-known name when it comes to library management software, and it is considered the best of what you can get for your library. You may ask why. It handles everything like a charm, from backups and maintenance to system upgrades!
Being a truly enterprise-grade system, you’d get modules to manage circulation, cataloging, serials management, authorities, flexible reporting, label printing, and a lot more.
So, you can utilize Koha for small size to multi-branch libraries.
Key features of Evergreen
Evergreen is a library integrated system that was initially developed for Public Information Network for Electronic Services (PINES) but it also powers more than 1800 libraries outside PINES.
Being scalable to its core, you can easily manage an entire catalog of multiple branches. It also offers good search functionality along with some interesting features.
Key features of BiblioteQ
“It’s quite simple and straightforward” This was my initial impression while testing BiblioteQ for this list. But, don’t get fooled by its user interface.
BiblioteQ is a professional archiving, cataloging, and library management software that utilizes Qt for an eye-pleasant user interface. Furthermore, it uses PostgreSQL and SQLite for the databases.
While speaking of connectivity, it uses Open Library, SRU, and Z39.50 protocols to have a seamless experience while retrieving books and other archive options.
Key Features of OPALS:
According to the 2022’s international survey of library automation, OPALS (Open-source Automated Library System) has scored highest in every single category among school libraries and small academic library programs.
OPALS is used in more than 2000 libraries daily as it provides a full-fledged automated library management experience.
It is a paid tool that provides you technical support for installation, management, hosting, and other purposes. If you are looking for something for your academy/institution this can be a good fit.
OPALS also provides a 3-month free demo site for your library, so you can have a better idea of what to expect from the asked price.
Key Features of InvenioILS:
Invenio’s ILS (Integrated Library System) uses the Invenio framework, which is made up of widely used open-source products including Python and React frameworks.
So if you have the technical expertise, there will be no boundaries on customization and enhancements that you can do with the default base.
Key features of SLiMS:
SLiMS (Senayan Library Management System) is nothing but an Apache web server bundled with MySQL and PHP, and the outcome is an extremely powerful community-driven library management toolkit.
From serial publication control to system modules providing extreme flexibility, SLiMS has a lot to offer.
Key features of FOLIO:
FOLIO (Future of Libraries is Open) can be considered the best option in terms of user experience, as the community thrives to bring the best out of UI/UX elements.
As with any other library management software, you’d get all the basic features such as circulation, acquisitions, cataloging, and e-resources management.
You also get a nice feature to manage multiple users, patron types, fee structures, and more.
In this list, I’ve only considered the ones that are actively maintained. There might be more that you can explore (but with no recent development activity).
Did I miss any of your favorites? You are welcome to share your personal experience with library management software.
A software engineer who loves to tinker with hardware till it gets crashed. While reviving my crashed system, you can find me reading literature, manga, or watering my plants.
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Standard Notes is a note taking application that puts particular emphasis on privacy & security. It is cross-platform and of course, completely open-source.
Read More Standard Notes: An Open Source Encrypted Note Taking App
Pling Store allows you to search and install various Linux software, themes, icons etc that you might not even find in your distribution’s software center.
Read More Pling Store: One Stop Shop All of Your Linux Software Customization Needs
HydraPaper is an impressive wallpaper manager for Linux users that also supports multi-monitor setups.
Read More HydraPaper: A Wallpaper Manager for Linux with Multi-Monitor Support
Anything is possible in Linux world including macOS lookalike distros. Not kidding! Here are some Linux distributions that are inspired by the looks of macOS.
Read More 6 Linux Distributions That are Inspired by the Look and Feel of macOS
1.CALIBRE (a library software and i suggest is one of the best but was omitted in your article)
Truely CALIBRE is a well structured Library Software that sorts downloaded information materials automaticaly, ranging from Author, Title, year of publication etc in a sequencial manner as well as give room for expansion for more volumes of information.
It also reduce cost of online subscription since it serves as an offline local repository unlike Wiley Online Library that requires monthly/yearly subscription.
As a Reference librarian i found Calibre more useful in an Academic Library for its uniqueness in classifying of informational materials according to subject matter.
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For many companies, critical data is locked on a printed page, stored in a box or sitting on someone’s desk. It isn’t easy to get that information flowing without scores of people to rekey it into an electronic format. These outdated practices are driving the adoption of intelligent document management.
Data is the lifeblood of any organization. When it flows freely, businesses can grow, win new customers and prepare for the future. When it’s constrained, stagnation sets in. Time and money are wasted, and emerging opportunities are missed.
For too many companies, critical data is locked on a printed page, stored in a box or sitting on someone’s desk who is out of the office. It’s difficult to get that information flowing without scores of people to rekey it into an electronic format so that it can be more easily shared, analyzed, processed and acted upon.
These outdated practices are driving the adoption of intelligent document management.
Document management has been around for a while. It generally refers to scanning all the pieces of paper in an office to understand what a company has so it can decide what to keep and develop a system of indexing that enables other employees to retrieve information.
Previously, companies manually indexed documents, meaning a human would look at a piece of paper, hone in on the vendor name and the account number, and key it into a database. Advancements then used optical character recognition (OCR) to aid in indexing. That is when software tries to figure out what each character is, for example, a machine reading six digits in an invoice and coming up with the number 123456. The trouble is that a “6” also looks like a “b,” so OCR is not highly accurate.
Traditional document management falls short in an important way: Information is only useful when inserted into workflows. This is where intelligent document management comes into play, and it’s critical to digital transformation.
Related: Finding the Right Solution for Your Bookkeeping Needs
Intelligent document management is more than a better way to scan documents because it enables information management. Thanks to its “intelligence,” intelligent document management offers automated classification, routing, measurement, monitoring and multi-channel information management fueled by artificial intelligence (AI).
Auto-classification means that scanners deploy AI to make intelligent decisions about what a page contains (e.g., recognize a bill of lading vs. an invoice) and categorize it.
Next, following the company’s internal workflows, it routes the electronic version of the document to the correct person based on a combination of roles and rules (e.g., Mary, the Comptroller, must approve all invoices over $10,000, while invoices less than $5,000 go to Fred). Approvals can co-occur or follow a strict, sequential order.
Monitoring is essential. What if Mary is away on vacation for two weeks, and that invoice must be paid? An intelligent document management tool has timers, recognizing when a deadline is approaching and notifying and rerouting the document to a designated person so it can be handled. It also monitors the overall process and reports it to management.
Finally, intelligent document management supports multi-channel information — whether a piece of paper from a vendor or a bill of lading generated from an order management system. AI ensures data is gleaned correctly and routed through the proper workflows.
With intelligent document management, roughly 90% of a document’s processing is handled by computer — decreasing administrative time, eliminating human error and saving money.
We believe the first step for intelligent document management is to fully document the current workflow by someone with information-management experience, not just IT experience. This is called a Business Process Analysis (BPA), and a solid grasp of how business is conducted is essential. Additionally, having experience rolling out future enterprise content management (ECM) initiatives within a Finance Department, HR Department, etc., is crucial if you want the final result to be a tenable solution that does what you need.
Then you need to decide what to digitize. Most organizations store more documents than they need. This scenario can lead to unnecessary risk, given emerging privacy laws and requirements protecting specific information types.
A document audit is required before digitization even starts. For instance, is a document, such as an employee contract, within its retention requirements, or are you no longer needed to keep it? If the latter, it’s probably better to destroy that document. Another consideration: Every page scanned costs money, so an audit will drive cost efficiency.
Next, you’ll need to develop a content roadmap for filing documents so that current and future employees can easily retrieve information. You have a photo of the Statue of Liberty. How should it be classified as a statue, national icon, New York City tourist attraction or gift from France?
You want to choose a vendor that works with you to guarantee successful outcomes and eliminates the risk of you making the wrong technology investments. Too often, companies underestimate the level of effort and complexity of a do-it-yourself (DIY) approach.
Many capture systems offer similar capabilities, but your experience with them may be highly influenced by the vendor. Is the vendor willing to do the critical document audit for you? Is the vendor willing to do the painstaking work of documenting your workflows so that the system lives up to its true potential? Does the vendor offer Service Level Agreements (SLAs), enabling you to hold the company accountable?
Getting the right solution at the right cost is key in any consideration. Intelligent document management providers charge money for an up-front analysis that highly trained, certified experts perform. A monthly subscription fee follows this to use the platform and a customization fee to implement your specific requirements. If you want to add more files to the system, there are fees to scan, extract and index those.
Related: This Startup Is Disrupting Decentralized Data Storage Industry
If the analysis is performed properly, you will know what it costs you now, where your bottlenecks are, where your risks and efficiencies are and what it will cost to improve. The BPA provides a quantitative pay-back period that allows you to make a heads-up decision based on facts.
Converting to an intelligent document management system will deliver immediate returns on investment and pay dividends well into the future. Mapping all incoming information to your unique workflows so that it can be processed with the minimal manual intervention will do more than save you time and money, however. It will ensure your company has the agility it needs to thrive in a fast-paced economy.
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New Jersey, N.J., July 21, 2022 The HR Document Management Software Market research report provides all the information related to the industry. It gives the outlook of the market by giving authentic data to its client which helps to make essential decisions. It gives an overview of the market which includes its definition, applications and developments, and manufacturing technology. This HR Document Management Software market research report tracks all the recent developments and innovations in the market. It gives the data regarding the obstacles while establishing the business and guides to overcome the upcoming challenges and obstacles.
Human resources document management software is used to store and protect all your documents associated with an employee, from hiring to retirement, in a centralized employee file.
Get the PDF Sample Copy (Including FULL TOC, Graphs, and Tables) of this report @:
https://www.a2zmarketresearch.com/sample-request/654644
Competitive landscape:
This HR Document Management Software research report throws light on the major market players thriving in the market; it tracks their business strategies, financial status, and upcoming products.
Some of the Top companies Influencing this Market include:PeopleDoc, SAP, eFileCabinet, Breathe, ServiceNow, DocuVantage, Zoho, Iron Mountain, Document Logistix, M-Files, Zenefits, Ceridian, Document Locator, Cleardata, DynaFile, Personio, Prosource, Natural HR, Access Group, myhrtoolkit, MaxxVault, Margolis, Biel, Hyland (OnBase), Crown Records Management, AODocs, DocStar, SearchExpress
Market Scenario:
Firstly, this HR Document Management Software research report introduces the market by providing an overview which includes definition, applications, product launches, developments, challenges, and regions. The market is forecasted to reveal strong development by driven consumption in various markets. An analysis of the current market designs and other basic characteristics is provided in the HR Document Management Software report.
Regional Coverage:
The region-wise coverage of the market is mentioned in the report, mainly focusing on the regions:
Segmentation Analysis of the market
The market is segmented on the basis of the type, product, end users, raw materials, etc. the segmentation helps to deliver a precise explanation of the market
Market Segmentation: By Type
Cloud-Based
On-Premise
Market Segmentation: By Application
Large Enterprises
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs)
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An assessment of the market attractiveness with regard to the competition that new players and products are likely to present to older ones has been provided in the publication. The research report also mentions the innovations, new developments, marketing strategies, branding techniques, and products of the key participants present in the global HR Document Management Software market. To present a clear vision of the market the competitive landscape has been thoroughly analyzed utilizing the value chain analysis. The opportunities and threats present in the future for the key market players have also been emphasized in the publication.
This report aims to provide:
Table of Contents
Global HR Document Management Software Market Research Report 2022 – 2029
Chapter 1 HR Document Management Software Market Overview
Chapter 2 Global Economic Impact on Industry
Chapter 3 Global Market Competition by Manufacturers
Chapter 4 Global Production, Revenue (Value) by Region
Chapter 5 Global Supply (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Regions
Chapter 6 Global Production, Revenue (Value), Price Trend by Type
Chapter 7 Global Market Analysis by Application
Chapter 8 Manufacturing Cost Analysis
Chapter 9 Industrial Chain, Sourcing Strategy and Downstream Buyers
Chapter 10 Marketing Strategy Analysis, Distributors/Traders
Chapter 11 Market Effect Factors Analysis
Chapter 12 Global HR Document Management Software Market Forecast
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Last November, the document management company NetDocuments acquired Afterpattern, a no-code toolkit that law firms and legal teams can use to build apps and automate legal documents and workflows, promising at the time that it would be natively integrated into the NetDocuments platform.
Today, that promise comes to fruition, as NetDocuments releases PatternBuilder, a document and workflow automation tool that enables law firms, legal teams, and the public sector to automate their expertise and processes so they can be repeated predictably.
While PatternBuilder’s functionality is much the same as the Afterpattern product, the significant difference is that it is native to the NetDocuments platform, meaning that it is directly available for NetDocuments’ customers to use directly within the platform in which they are already working.
PatternBuilder’s App Builder provides several built Page Blocks to choose from, making it easier to build apps while also enabling users to create the complex interactions needed in legal document automation such as looping and iterations.
“Built directly into the NetDocuments platform, organizations of all sizes will be able to leverage this new capability while inheriting all of the security, governance and accessibility benefits of being in the cloud,” said Josh Baxter, NetDocuments CEO.
The core use case for PatternBuilder is to enable legal professionals to replicate and automate their unique templates and processes so that they are done consistently every time.
With the product built natively into NetDocuments, it enables firms to embed document assembly directly within the document management system, populating user inputs into Word and PDF documents and then automatically saving those documents into the folder or workspace the user chooses.
PatternBuilder Global Apps Page enables apps to be run from within the NetDocuments browser interface. All menu options shown are rights dependent and fully configurable at a granular level.
NetDocuments says that PatternBuilder has several unique features that make it easy for its customers to get started with automation:
“Being able to automate both simple and complex documents and tasks, as well as manage and implement these new applications, is critical for legal professionals and their support teams,” said Dan Hauck, NetDocuments chief product officer. “PatternBuilder gives organizations the ability to scale their expertise and consistently deliver their best work.”
PatternBuilder is officially launching today in the United States and will be rolled out to other regions during September, the company said.
It is being sold as an add-on product with the NetDocuments’ DELIVER solution, which consists of tools and features designed to enable legal organizations to safely organize, package and share content with clients, customers, outside counsel, and other internal and external groups.
NetDocuments says it plans to continue to enhance and add features to PatternBuilder. Over the next few months, it said, it will release the ability for users to:
Current Afterpattern customers will be able to continue using the product. However, Afterpattern will no longer accept new customers.
 
Bob is a lawyer, veteran legal journalist, and award-winning blogger and podcaster. In 2011, he was named to the inaugural Fastcase 50, honoring “the law’s smartest, most courageous innovators, techies, visionaries and leaders.” Earlier in his career, he was editor-in-chief of several legal publications, including The National Law Journal, and editorial director of ALM’s Litigation Services Division.

Bob Ambrogi is a lawyer and journalist who has been writing and speaking about legal technology and innovation for more than two decades. He writes the award-winning blog LawSites, is a columnist for Above the Law, hosts the podcast about legal innovation, LawNext, and hosts the weekly legal tech journalists’ roundtable, Legaltech Week.

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The guide below provides some useful information on acceptable descriptions of metaverse-related goods and services in Canada, the United States (U.S.), The United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.), the European Union (EU), and Singapore.
Given the emergence of virtual worlds and the metaverse, brand owners may wish to assess their own trademark portfolios with a view to expanding coverage to encompass this developing space. Virtual worlds permit the movement of digital goods themselves, and trademarks designed for real life goods may not necessarily extend to those digital worlds, depending on their application. In addition to considering potential enforcement mechanisms in the metaverse, brands can consider a proactive approach, with a view to creating protection strategies and potential language for filing trademark applications with respect to virtual worlds and digital elements.
As more creative metaverse-related uses emerge, goods and services will continue to be defined, more guidance will be issued, and the list of acceptable terms should further proliferate. In the meantime, we invite you to contact us for guidance in drafting potential new descriptions including, in some instances, strategizing with respect to populating the listing in the Canadian Manual of Goods and Services with proposed descriptions.
Descriptions of goods and services for the virtual/digital world field in:
Canada
We invite you to consider the goods and services currently recognized by the Canadian Trademarks Office and have listed a few examples in this article. While descriptions of goods and services that are not included in the Canadian Trademarks Office’s Manual of Goods and Services may still be acceptable if described in ordinary commercial terms (terms commonly used in the relevant industry to describe the goods and services), filing applications in Canada using goods and services descriptions that are listed in said Manual will allow applications to reach the examination stage faster and will avoid Examiner’s reports based on goods and services descriptions.
Virtual goods and cryptoassets including NFTs
Brands have begun experimenting with Non-fungible-tokens (NFTs) which have recently dominated headlines. The Canadian Trademarks Office recognizes a number of descriptions of goods (G) and services (S) with respect to NFTs and other cryptoassets encompassing generally classes 9 goods and 42 services.
Acceptable descriptions for NFTs and other cryptoassets in Canada include the NFTs themselves or software for an action related to the NFTs. Examples are goods that generally fall in Class 9 as follows:
Services related to cryptoassets including NFTs
In an alternative, acceptable descriptions can include services for cryptoassets including NFTs, such as platforms that provide an action with respect to NFTs. Examples are services that generally fall in Class 42 as follows:
Electronic transfer of cryptoassets
The electronic transfer of these cryptoassets can fall within Class 36:
Software for use in the metaverse
Examples of metaverse applications may take the form of software, games, digital goods (including “skins”), or avatars or the like for use in the metaverse that generally fall within Class 9.
Metaverse-enabling hardware
These metaverse applications may also take the form of hardware, such as head-sets, which enable virtual reality platforms. Pre-approved terms generally fall in Class 9:
Unsurprisingly, the sale of these goods may fall into Class 35:
Marketplace for virtual goods
When the service being described is a marketplace for virtual or digital goods, the description will typically fall into Class 35.
Services for provision of virtual content
In some instances, Class 41 may also be appropriate for services with respect to the provision of virtual content. For example, the Canadian Trademarks Office has pre-approved the following language, generally in Class 41:
United States
Goods and services in the United States Trademarks Office
The United States Trademarks Office similarly has approved language with respect to NFTs, virtual goods and related services. Examples include:
Goods
Virtual Goods and Cryptoassets including NFTs
Downloadable audio and video recordings featuring {specify subject matter, e.g., sports highlights, movie clips, memes, etc.} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable audio recordings featuring {specify subject matter, e.g., music, poetry, etc.} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable computer game software featuring virtual goods, namely, {indicate goods, e.g., furniture, jewelry, sunglasses, etc.} for use in online virtual worlds Downloadable computer software for accessing, reading, and tracking information in the field of {indicate subject matter of information, e.g., patient medical records, financial transactions, etc.} on a blockchain Downloadable computer software for use as a digital wallet Downloadable image files containing {indicate subject matter or field, e.g., trading cards, artwork, memes, sneakers, etc.} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable multimedia file containing artwork relating to {indicate field or subject matter of file} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable multimedia file containing artwork, text, audio, and video relating to {indicate field or subject matter of file} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable multimedia file containing audio relating to {indicate field or subject matter of file} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable multimedia file containing text relating to {indicate field or subject matter of file} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable multimedia file containing video relating to {indicate field or subject matter of file} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable music files authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable software for generating cryptographic keys for receiving and spending crypto assets Downloadable video recordings featuring {specify subject matter, e.g., sports highlights, movie clips, memes, etc.} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) Downloadable virtual goods, namely, computer programs featuring {specify nature, type, e.g., articles of clothing} for use in online virtual worlds
Of course, other classes should not be overlooked when the good may primarily fulfill one purpose with the incorporation of a digital sensor that could have use in the metaverse, for example, for goods related to scanned objects to be incorporated into the metaverse with metadata and use of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors. For example, the United States Trademarks Office provides for various goods incorporating digital sensors:
Compression sleeves incorporating digital sensors (G, Class 10) Socks incorporating digital sensors (G, Class 25) T-shirts incorporating digital sensors (G, Class 25) Yoga pants incorporating digital sensors (G, Class 25)
Services
Metaverse-related retail store services in Class 35
Online retail store services rendered in a virtual environment featuring physical goods, namely, {specify type, e.g., furniture, jewelry, sunglasses, etc.} Online retail store services featuring virtual goods, namely, {specify type, e.g., furniture, jewelry, sunglasses, etc.} for use in online virtual worlds Online retail store services featuring digital goods, namely, {specify type, e.g., furniture, jewelry, sunglasses, etc.} for use in online virtual worlds Online retail store services rendered in a virtual environment featuring virtual goods, namely, {specify type, e.g., furniture, jewelry, sunglasses, etc.}  Online retail store services rendered in a virtual environment featuring physical goods and virtual goods, namely, {specify type, e.g., furniture, jewelry, sunglasses, etc.}
Some of the virtual services descriptions listed in the Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual (ID Manual) of the United States Trademarks Office are not currently included in the Canadian Manual of Goods and Services. Some examples are:
Authentication of data in the field of {indicate field, e.g., works of art, financial transactions, medical records, etc.} using blockchain technology (S, Class 42) Computer services, namely, creating an on-line virtual environment for {indicate purpose, e.g., off-track betting, trading stocks, etc.} (S, Class 42) Electronic storage of crypto tokens for others (S, Class 42) Entertainment services, namely, providing virtual environments in which users can interact for recreational, leisure or entertainment purposes (S, Class 41) Financial exchange of crypto assets (S, Class 36) Organizing, arranging, and conducting virtual {specify type of sport, e.g., triathlon, cycling, running, etc.} events (S, Class 41) Providing an on-line forum for trading virtual real estate (S, Class 38) Providing on-line non-downloadable software for generating cryptographic keys for receiving and spending crypto assets (S, Class 42) Providing temporary use of on-line non-downloadable computer software for use as a digital wallet (S, Class 42) Providing temporary use of on-line non-downloadable software for accessing, reading, and tracking information in the field of {indicate subject matter of information, e.g., patient medical records, financial transactions, etc.} on a blockchain (S, Class 42) Provision of an online marketplace for buyers and sellers of downloadable digital {indicate type of downloadable digital goods, e.g., art images, music, video clips, etc.} authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) (S, Class 35) Provision of an online marketplace for buyers and sellers of downloadable digital art images authenticated by non-fungible tokens (NFTs) (S, Class 35) User authentication services using blockchain technology for {specify the application of the services, e.g., cryptocurrency transactions, online software applications, etc.} (S, Class 42)
UAE
Building on the 2017 launch of its Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), the UAE recently introduced a National Digital Economy Strategy. This announcement is in line with its generally supportive approach to crypto-related activities of the region. With a desire to establish itself as a leader in the metaverse economy in the region and among the top 10 cities globally, Dubai has created the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA), which provides a legal framework for digital assets such as NFTs.
The region has also taken concrete steps in the digital economy with the UAE Ministry of Economy announcing the installation of official departments in the metaverse, allowing users to access services entirely virtually. Once launched, metaverse users will be able to visit the virtual office rather than the existing physical offices to provide signatures on legally binding documents. In October 2022, the Government of Dubai's Legal Affairs Department announced that from early 2023, it will move its "Continuing Legal Professional Development" training for Dubai-based legal consultants into the metaverse. The intention is to run interactive CLPD sessions in the metaverse, using AI to identify areas of further development.
These actions are in addition to other digital friendly initiatives including: the introduction of the world’s first virtual megacity in 2021 – Metaverse Dubai – based on the city’s real topography and geography; hosting of the world’s first economic summit in the metaverse – Investopia; launch of the Middle East’s first metaverse incubator – MetaIncubator among others. The UAE Trademarks Office has not, to date, issued any formal practice direction or notice in relation to goods and services relating to the metaverse, crypto assets or the like. However, the UAE officials have accepted applications in these areas.
Goods and services in the UAE Trademarks Office
We have seen trademark metaverse-related applications accepted for the following terms segmented by the following Classes:
Class 9:
Class 35:
Class 36:
Class 41:
Class 42:
EU
Guidance provided by the European Office
The EUIPO stated in a guidance document published on its website, that virtual goods should be registered in Class 9 because they are treated as digital content or images. The Office, however, specified that the mere term “virtual goods” on its own lacks clarity and precision and must therefore “be further specified by stating the content to which the virtual goods relate (e.g. downloadable virtual goods, namely, virtual clothing)”.
Similarly, the term non fungible tokens on its own is not acceptable. The specific type of digital item authenticated by the NFT must be included. This is because NTFs are treated as unique digital certificates registered in a blockchain, which authenticate digital items but are distinct from those digital items. 
Furthermore, “services relating to virtual goods and NFTs will be classified in line with the established principles of classification for services”.
Singapore
The Intellectual Property Office of Singapore ("IPOS") has similarly approved language with respect to NFTs, virtual goods and related services, although no formal practice directions for the same have been issued. Key classes for metaverse-related marks include Classes 9, 35 and 41, amongst others.
We provide several examples below that have been accepted by IPOS or can be found in the IPOS database of accepted specifications segmented by Class.
Class 9
Class 35
Class 36
Class 41
Class 42
add to folder:
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The National Security Agency (NSA) is urging developers to shift to memory safe languages – such as C#, Go, Java, Ruby, Rust, and Swift – to protect their code from remote code execution or other hacker attacks.
Of the languages mentioned above, Java is the most widely used across enterprise and Android app development, while Swift is a top 10 language, thanks in part to iOS app development. And there’s growing interest in Rust as a replacement for C and C++ in systems programming.  
“NSA advises organizations to consider making a strategic shift from programming languages that provide little or no inherent memory protection, such as C/C++, to a memory safe language when possible. Some examples of memory safe languages are C#, Go, Java, Ruby, and Swift,” the NSA said.
The spy agency cites recent research from Google and Microsoft that 70% of their security issues, respectively in Chrome and Windows, were memory-related and many of them were the result of using C and C++, which are more prone to memory-based vulnerabilities.
Also: Cybersecurity, cloud and coding: Why these three skills will lead demand in 2023
“Malicious cyber actors can exploit these vulnerabilities for remote code execution or other adverse effects, which can often compromise a device and be the first step in large-scale network intrusions,” the NSA notes in the “Software Memory Safety” Cybersecurity Information Sheet.
“Commonly used languages, such as C and C++, provide a lot of freedom and flexibility in memory management while relying heavily on the programmer to perform the needed checks on memory references.”
So, the agency recommends using a memory safe language where possible, whether its for application development or systems programming. 
“NSA recommends using a memory safe language when possible,” it notes.
While most infosec professionals are familiar with this debate over memory safe languages, perhaps not all developers are. Though, perhaps they should be, given it’s a decades-old problem, as Java creator James Gosling recently pointed out in a discussion about how and why Java was created. 
If anything, the NSA document offers developers a clear, plain-language explanation of the technical reasons behind moving towards memory safe languages. Probably the most discussed language in terms of memory safety has been Rust, which is the main candidate as a ‘replacement’ for C and C++. 
The Linux kernel recently introduced Rust as the second language to C, following the Android Open Source Project. These projects won’t replace old C/C++ code, but will prefer Rust for new code. Also, Microsoft Azure CTO Mark Russinovich recently called on all developers to use Rust over C and C++ for all new projects. 
“By exploiting these types of memory issues, malicious actors – who are not bound by normal expectations of software use – may find that they can enter unusual inputs into the program, causing memory to be accessed, written, allocated, or deallocated in unexpected ways,” the NSA explains. 
But – as experts have noted in debates over Rust and C/C++ – the NSA warns that simply using a memory safe language doesn’t by default preclude introducing memory bugs to software. Additionally, languages often allow libraries that aren’t written in memory safe languages.
“Even with a memory safe language, memory management is not entirely memory safe. Most memory safe languages recognize that software sometimes needs to perform an unsafe memory management function to accomplish certain tasks. As a result, classes or functions are available that are recognized as non-memory safe and allow the programmer to perform a potentially unsafe memory management task,” the NSA said. 
“Some languages require anything memory unsafe to be explicitly annotated as such to make the programmer and any reviewers of the program aware that it is unsafe. Memory safe languages can also use libraries written in non-memory safe languages and thus can contain unsafe memory functionality. Although these ways of including memory unsafe mechanisms subvert the inherent memory safety, they help to localize where memory problems could exist, allowing for extra scrutiny on those sections of code.”
Also: Cybersecurity: These are the new things to worry about in 2023
The NSA notes that some memory safe languages can come at a performance cost, which requires developers to learn a new language. It also points out there are measures developers can take to harden non-memory safe languages. Google’s Chrome team, for example, is exploring multiple methods to harden C++, but these approaches also come with performance overheads. C++ will remain in Chrome’s codebase for the foreseeable future.     
The NSA recommends static and dynamic application security testing to spot memory issues. It also recommends exploring memory hardening methods, such as Control Flow Guard (CFG), which will place restrictions on where code can be executed. Similarly, Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) and Data Execution Prevention (DEP) are recommended.

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SurePrep is projected to generate about $60 million in revenue in 2022 and is expected to grow more than 20% annually in the next few years.
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(Reporting by Aditya Soni in Bengaluru; Editing by Arun Koyyur)
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